Mahatma Gandhi

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 Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948) was a prominent leader in India's struggle for independence from British rule and a global icon of nonviolent resistance. His philosophy and actions profoundly influenced civil rights movements worldwide. Here’s an overview of his life and legacy: --- Early Life Birth: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat, India. Family: He belonged to a Hindu family, and his father was a diwan (chief minister). Education: Studied law in London (1888–1891) and became a barrister. --- Life in South Africa (1893–1914) Gandhi moved to South Africa to practice law. Here, he faced racial discrimination, which shaped his future ideology. He pioneered Satyagraha (truth force), a philosophy of nonviolent resistance, to combat injustice. Key campaigns included fighting for the rights of Indian immigrants in South Africa. --- Role in India’s Independence Movement 1. Return to India: In 1915, Gandhi returned to India and joined the Indian Na...
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Elon Musk

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 Elon Musk is a billionaire entrepreneur, inventor, and engineer best known for his role in founding and leading several groundbreaking companies, including SpaceX, Tesla, Inc., Neuralink, and The Boring Company. He has played a pivotal role in advancing renewable energy, space exploration, and artificial intelligence. Musk was born on June 28, 1971, in Pretoria, South Africa, to Maye Musk, a Canadian-South African model and dietitian, and Errol Musk, a South African electromechanical engineer.



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Early Life and Education


Musk displayed an early aptitude for technology and entrepreneurship. At the age of 12, he created and sold a video game called Blastar. He attended Waterkloof House Preparatory School and later Pretoria Boys High School, where he faced bullying but excelled academically.


In 1989, Musk moved to Canada, enrolling at Queen’s University in Ontario, partly to avoid South Africa’s mandatory military service. He later transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, earning dual degrees in physics and economics from the College of Arts and Sciences and the Wharton School, respectively. Musk briefly attended a PhD program at Stanford University but left after two days to pursue entrepreneurial opportunities during the internet boom.



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Early Career


Musk co-founded his first company, Zip2, in 1996. Zip2 provided business directories and maps for newspapers, and in 1999, it was sold to Compaq for $307 million, earning Musk $22 million from the deal.


He then co-founded X.com, an online payment platform, in 1999. X.com eventually became PayPal, which was acquired by eBay in 2002 for $1.5 billion in stock. Musk received $165 million from the sale.



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Major Ventures


SpaceX (2002–present)


Musk founded Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (SpaceX) in 2002 with the goal of reducing space transportation costs and enabling the colonization of Mars. As CEO and lead engineer, he oversaw key milestones:


Launching the Falcon 1 (2008), the first privately developed liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit.


Developing Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets, as well as the reusable Starship spacecraft.


Leading the Starlink project, a satellite-based internet service.


Collaborating with NASA, including sending astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS) under the Commercial Crew Program.



Tesla, Inc. (2004–present)


Although Tesla was founded in 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning, Musk became its largest investor and chairman in 2004. He assumed the role of CEO in 2008. Under his leadership, Tesla became a leader in electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy solutions. Key achievements include:


Introducing the Tesla Roadster, the first mass-produced electric sports car.


Launching successful models like the Model S, Model 3, Model X, and Model Y.


Building Gigafactories worldwide to manufacture batteries and EV components.


Driving advancements in autonomous driving technology.



Neuralink (2016–present)


Musk co-founded Neuralink to develop brain-computer interface technology aimed at addressing neurological disorders and eventually enabling a symbiotic relationship between humans and artificial intelligence.


The Boring Company (2016–present)


The Boring Company focuses on developing underground transportation systems. Its projects include the Las Vegas Convention Center Loop and plans for high-speed Hyperloop tunnels.


Twitter/X (2022–present)


In October 2022, Musk acquired Twitter for $44 billion and later rebranded it as X. His leadership of the platform has been marked by significant changes to content moderation, monetization, and organizational structure.



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Personal Life


Musk has been married and divorced three times, twice to actress Talulah Riley. He has 11 children, including triplets and twins, from different relationships. Musk is known for his intense work ethic, often working over 80–100 hours a week.



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Legacy and Influence


Elon Musk is considered one of the most influential figures in technology and business. With a net worth frequently ranking him among the wealthiest individuals globally, his work spans diverse industries, from energy and space exploration to artificial intelligence and social media. Musk's vision of humanity as a multi-planetary species and his relentless pursuit of innovation continue to inspire and polarize public opinion.


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